Political economy
Abolfazl Shahmohammadi; Mohammad Ali Feizpour; Mehdi Hajamini; Mohammad Abedi Ardakani
Abstract
Many studies have evaluated political power from a qualitative and quantitative perspective. But the present study tries to provide a quantitative criterion for calculation of power. To do this, using the country’s budget law, the institutions that enjoys from national budget are identified and ...
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Many studies have evaluated political power from a qualitative and quantitative perspective. But the present study tries to provide a quantitative criterion for calculation of power. To do this, using the country’s budget law, the institutions that enjoys from national budget are identified and then the officials who are at the head of those institutions from each province are identified. Then the importance coefficient of each official is calculated based on multiplication of two indicators: the allocated budget to his/her institution or organization and the duration of his/her tenure in each year. The power matrix for each province is made. Finally, the power index for Iranian provinces is calculated using methods of Simple Additive Weighting, TOPSIS, and Numerical Taxonomy. Then, according to TOPSIS method, the regions of Iran were divided into four groups. The findings show fundamental inequalities in the distribution of economic- political power in the regions of Iran during the period of 2009-2019. Also, The most fluctuations in economic-political power index have occured mainly in the middle groups. Since, most previous studies have emphasized regional inequalities in Iran based on various indicators, it seems that there is a correlation between the distribution of economic-political power and regional inequalities of Economic development. As a result, given the current status without change in the political power of the provinces, one can not expect a significant change in the economic development of the regions.
Macroeconomics
Mohammad Ali Aboutorabi; Mehdi Hajamini; Sahar Tohidi
Abstract
In recent decades, the effect of financial development on real sector growth has been discussed from different aspects. This paper focuses on financial structure and explains the role of bank-based and market-based financial structures on economic growth by classifying the literature. Using the FMOLS ...
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In recent decades, the effect of financial development on real sector growth has been discussed from different aspects. This paper focuses on financial structure and explains the role of bank-based and market-based financial structures on economic growth by classifying the literature. Using the FMOLS method for the period 1979-2016, the effects of financial structure and banking structure on per capita GDP and sectors’ growth (agriculture, industry, and services) in Iran are estimated. Empirical findings indicate that discriminating policies and bias in financial structure in favor of a specific sector has a negative effect on real sector growth, especially agriculture and industry. Therefore, in support of the design of a balanced financial structure, it is recommended that the state should avoid any intervention or discrimination in favor of a specific sector. In the case of banking structure, the findings show that increasing the financial strength of banks encourages economic growth.
Mehdi Hajamini
Abstract
During the period 1969-2017, Iranian economy’s inflation rate was on average 19 percent which did not have a downward trend; hence the name chronic moderate inflation. In the present paper, by reviewing 110 theoretical and empirical studies and 83 studies on the Iran’s economy, a meta-analysis ...
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During the period 1969-2017, Iranian economy’s inflation rate was on average 19 percent which did not have a downward trend; hence the name chronic moderate inflation. In the present paper, by reviewing 110 theoretical and empirical studies and 83 studies on the Iran’s economy, a meta-analysis on the role of budget structure for explaining the persistence of the chronic moderate inflation rate of Iran is presented. This analysis shows that the budget structure (deficit, operating deficit, capital surplus, and financing) has been the driving force behind the continual increase in the liquidity as well as the permanent repression of interest rates in the post-revolutionary period. Therefore, change in financial and monetary strategies (and not policies necessarily) is a precondition to control the liquidity and inflation. Accordingly, some budgetary rules are needed to improve the process of decision-making and parliament-government-central bank interactions. In addition, a clear consensus has been reached about the inflationary effects of government budgets in the Iranian economy, so it is recommended that future researches focus on how the new rules can affect interaction between the fiscal and monetary autorities using game theory.
